Characterization of Physiological Glucose Concentration Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy

Non-invasive glucose monitoring is crucial for effective diabetes mellitus treatment while a sound correlation of a non-invasive parameter to glucose level variation is quite challenging. This paper presents characterization of glucose concentrations using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) in three different solutions: 1) 0.9% NaCl, 2) Saline (NaCl 1.3gm, KCl 0.75gm, Na3C6H5O7 1.45gm, D-glucose 6.75gm in 500mL) and 3) Human Blood for every 25mg/dl change of glucose in total 150ml solution. A rectangular current pulse of 1.5s duration with 1mA peak is applied to the solutions and corresponding voltage is acquired across the solutions with Agilent InfiniiVision 7000B Series oscilloscope and Matlab R2011a Instrument Control Toolbox. The circuit proposed for current injection and voltage acquisition requires only two electrodes would reduce electrode polarization and skin irritation greatly which is a major concern in many previous works use generally four electrodes. Experimental results show sound correlation between EIS and blood glucose concentration. It is clearly found from the EIS that the DC impedance of solutions increases linearly with the increment in glucose concentrations.